Defined by
where

is the
surface excess enthalpy,

is the
thermodynamic temperature,

is the
surface excess entropy,

is the
surface excess Helmholtz energy,

is the
surface tension,
and

is the area relative to a
Gibbs surface.
Source:
PAC, 1972, 31, 577
(Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical Quantities and Units, Appendix
II: Definitions, Terminology and Symbols in Colloid and Surface Chemistry)
on page 599