standard hydrogen electrode

For solutions in protic solvents, the universal reference electrode for which, under standard conditions, the standard electrode potential (H⁺ / H₂) is zero at all temperatures. The absolute electrode potential of the hydrogen electrode under standard conditions can be expressed in terms of thermodynamic quantities by applying a suitable Born–Haber cycle, thus:

$E ° H + / H 2 abs = Δ at G ° + Δ ion G ° + α H + o,S F$

where $Δ at G °$ and $Δ ion G °$ are the atomization and ionization Gibbs energies of H₂, $α H + o,S$ is the real potential of H₂ in solvent S and $F$ is the Faraday constant. The recommended absolute electrode potential of the hydrogen electrode is:

$E ° H + / H 2 H 2 O abs = ( 4.44 ± 0.02 ) V at 298.15 K$

Source:

PAC, 1986, 58, 955 (The absolute electrode potential: an explanatory note (Recommendations 1986)) on page 957

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Cite as:
IUPAC. Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book"). Compiled by A. D. McNaught and A. Wilkinson. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford (1997). XML on-line corrected version: http://goldbook.iupac.org (2006-) created by M. Nic, J. Jirat, B. Kosata; updates compiled by A. Jenkins. ISBN 0-9678550-9-8. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.

Last update: 2014-02-24; version: 2.3.3.

DOI of this term: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05917.

Original PDF version: http://www.iupac.org/goldbook/S05917.pdf. The PDF version is out of date and is provided for reference purposes only. For some entries, the PDF version may be unavailable.

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